Specific Details Brief explanation of operating systems (OS) fundamentals and information systems architectures. 1. Explain the user’s role in an OS. 2. Explain the differences between kernel applications of the OS and the applications installed by an organization or user. 3. Describe the embedded OS. 4. Describe how operating systems fit in the overall information systems architecture, of which cloud computing is a emerging, distributed computing network architecture. Include a brief definition of operating systems and information systems in your SAR. Other outstanding information 1. Explain Windows vulnerabilities and Linux vulnerabilities. 2. Explain the Mac OS vulnerabilities, and vulnerabilities of mobile devices. 3. Explain the motives and methods for intrusion of MS and Linux operating systems. 4. Explain the types of security management technologies such as intrusion detection and intrusion prevention system 5. Describe how and why different corporate and government systems are targets. 6. Describe different types of intrusions such as SQL PL/SQL, XML, and other injections Purchase the answer to view it

Operating systems (OS) are essential components of any computer system. They provide a set of software tools and services that facilitate the interaction between the user and the computer hardware. The user’s role in an OS is to initiate and control the execution of various tasks and applications, presenting commands to the computer system and receiving output and feedback. Users interact with the computer system through an interface, which can be a command line interface or a graphical user interface (GUI).

The kernel is the central component of the OS and is responsible for managing the computer’s resources, such as the processor, memory, and input/output devices. Kernel applications are software programs that are an integral part of the OS and are responsible for performing low-level tasks, such as scheduling processes and managing memory. On the other hand, applications installed by an organization or user are software programs that are run on top of the OS and utilize the services provided by the kernel.

Embedded OSs are specialized operating systems designed to be used in embedded systems, which are computing devices that are integrated into other systems or machines. These OSs are typically lightweight and have specific functionalities tailored to the requirements of the embedded system. Examples of embedded systems include medical devices, automotive systems, and industrial control systems.

Operating systems play a crucial role in the overall information systems architecture. Information systems refer to the combination of hardware, software, data, and people that are used to collect, process, store, and distribute information. The OS is responsible for managing the hardware resources, providing a platform for running software applications, and facilitating the communication between different components of the information system.

Cloud computing is an emerging paradigm that leverages distributed computing network architectures to provide on-demand access to shared resources and services over the internet. Operating systems play a vital role in this context by abstracting the underlying hardware and providing a standardized platform for deploying and managing applications in the cloud. They enable virtualization, scalability, and high availability of resources, ensuring efficient utilization and management of cloud infrastructure.

Windows vulnerabilities and Linux vulnerabilities are security weaknesses that can be exploited to gain unauthorized access, steal data, or disrupt the normal functioning of the operating system. These vulnerabilities can arise from various factors, such as programming errors, design flaws, or insecure configurations. The severity and number of vulnerabilities differ between Windows and Linux due to differences in design philosophies, development processes, and market share.

Mac OS vulnerabilities and vulnerabilities of mobile devices, such as smartphones and tablets, are similar to those in other operating systems. They can be exploited through various means, such as malicious software, network attacks, or physical access to the device. The motives for intrusions can vary, ranging from financial gain and espionage to activism and mischief. Methods for intrusion of MS and Linux operating systems include exploiting known vulnerabilities, social engineering, and brute force attacks.

Intrusion detection and intrusion prevention systems are security management technologies that monitor network traffic and system events to detect and prevent unauthorized activities. They use various techniques, such as signature-based detection, anomaly detection, and behavior analysis, to identify potential intrusions and take appropriate actions.

Corporate and government systems are attractive targets for intruders due to the value of the information they store, their criticality to operations, and their potentially weak security controls. Different types of intrusions, such as SQL PL/SQL, XML, and other injections, can be used to exploit vulnerabilities in software applications and gain unauthorized access to databases or systems. These intrusions can result in data breaches, unauthorized access, or denial of service attacks.