Refer back to the you read in the Week 1 Content folder within your course Documents and Resources. In this article, you can visually see how multiple departments came together using Esri’s CityEngine tool to create and implement an urban plan to restructure a city within a matter of months. To complete this assignment, choose a large public works project, such as the construction of a new high school. For the public works project you can select any project – this could be a local project or a hypothetical situation (adding a city park, expanding a freeway, creating more housing, building a new commercial complex, adding a neighborhood school, building out a train system, etc.). Write a two page paper, using the newest APA formatting edition within a Microsoft Word Document, that identifies two phases that can be independent projects. Discuss each phase and discuss how each phase is an independent project and what makes them independent projects.  Specifically, state how each project meets the definition of a project, and describe the product, service, or result of each project, and why it is temporary.

Title: Identifying Independent Phases in Large Public Works Projects: A Case Study of a New High School Construction

Introduction:
Public works projects play a crucial role in shaping the infrastructure, economy, and overall well-being of a community. Large-scale projects, such as the construction of a new high school, require careful planning, coordination, and execution. In this paper, we will identify two independent phases within a public works project and analyze how each phase meets the definition of a project. Furthermore, we will describe the deliverables of each project phase and explain why they are considered temporary in nature.

Phase 1: Site Preparation and Infrastructure Development
The first phase of the public works project involves site preparation and infrastructure development. This phase entails activities such as land acquisition, surveying, soil testing, and engineering design. The purpose of this phase is to ensure the selected site is suitable for constructing a high school and to establish the necessary infrastructure to support the project.

This phase can be considered an independent project for several reasons. Firstly, it has a clear start and end date. From the moment the project team initiates the site preparation activities to the completion of the infrastructure development, there is a finite timeline. Secondly, this phase has unique objectives and deliverables that are distinct from the subsequent construction phase. The primary outcome of this phase is a well-prepared site with basic infrastructure, including foundations, utilities, road access, and landscaping.

The temporary nature of this phase arises from the fact that once the site preparation and infrastructure development are complete, the specific tasks associated with this phase cease to exist. The land acquisition process is finalized, the site is prepared, and the required infrastructure is put in place. The activities performed in this phase are not ongoing but rather serve as a precursor to the subsequent phase of construction.

Phase 2: Construction of High School Building
The second phase of the project involves the actual construction of the high school building. This phase encompasses activities such as erecting the structure, installing utilities and systems, and completing interior finishes. The purpose of this phase is to create a functional and aesthetically pleasing facility that meets the educational needs of the community.

Similar to the previous phase, the construction phase can be regarded as an independent project. It has a distinct beginning and end, marked by the groundbreaking ceremony and the handover of the completed building. The objectives of this phase include constructing a safe and functional high school building, ensuring compliance with building codes and regulations, and addressing any unforeseen challenges that may arise during construction.

The temporary nature of the construction phase is evident in its deliverables. Once the building is completed, the construction activities cease, and the project transitions to the next phase, which involves the commissioning and occupancy of the high school. The construction phase is characterized by a specific duration, limited resources, and a defined scope of work, all of which contribute to its temporary nature.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the construction of a new high school can be divided into two independent phases: site preparation and infrastructure development, and construction of the high school building. Each phase is considered a project due to its unique objectives, deliverables, and temporary nature. By understanding the distinct nature of these phases, project stakeholders can effectively plan, execute, and manage large public works projects.