APA format is required.  References should be listed immediately after the question that is being answered.  Each question lists a minimum number of unique scholarly references; the textbook is considered one unique reference (per question) regardless of how many times it is used.  All references should be from the years 2010 to present day. Review the rubric that will be used to evaluate this paper. All work must be completed individually. Describe the foundation of Deming’s “14 Points.”Use at least two unique references.Length: 4-5 paragraphs. Read the case: Katz Carpeting, available in the Operations Management textbook, Chapter 7.  If production of standards and specials is separated, how different will JIT implementation be for production of the different products? Explain what would be needed in JIT implantation for both products. Use at least two unique references. Length: 4-5 paragraphs. Describe the two aspects to implementing the six-sigma concept.Use at least two unique references. Length: 4-5 paragraphs. Describe the ten guidelines for selecting forecasting software.Use at least two unique references. Length: 4-5 paragraphs. § Reid, R.D., and Sanders, N. (2016). . 6thed. Wiley. ISBN:978-1118952610

The foundation of Deming’s “14 Points” is based on his philosophy of Total Quality Management (TQM) and his belief that quality is essential for a company’s success. Deming’s 14 Points are guiding principles for managers to improve the quality of their products and services. The points emphasize the importance of leadership, customer focus, employee involvement, continuous improvement, and a systems thinking approach.

Deming’s 14 Points include:

1. Create constancy of purpose for improving products and services: This involves establishing a clear mission and vision for the organization’s quality improvement efforts.

2. Adopt the new philosophy: Managers must embrace the mindset of continuous improvement and lifelong learning.

3. Cease dependence on mass inspection: Instead of relying on inspection to catch defects, the focus should be on preventing defects from occurring in the first place.

4. End the practice of awarding business on price alone: Instead of selecting suppliers based solely on the lowest price, organizations should consider factors such as quality and long-term value.

5. Improve constantly and forever the system of production and service: Continuous improvement should be an ongoing process in all aspects of the organization.

6. Institute training on the job: Employees should be provided with the necessary training and education to perform their jobs effectively and contribute to continuous improvement efforts.

7. Institute leadership: Good management is essential for creating a culture of quality and continuous improvement.

8. Drive out fear: Fear in the workplace hinders creativity and innovation. Managers should create a supportive and safe work environment where employees feel comfortable suggesting improvements.

9. Break down barriers between departments: Collaboration and teamwork across departments are necessary for improving processes and achieving quality goals.

10. Eliminate slogans, exhortations, and targets for the workforce: Instead of relying on slogans and motivational techniques, managers should focus on creating systems that foster intrinsic motivation and employee engagement.

11. Eliminate numerical quotas: Setting numerical targets can lead to unethical behavior and a focus on short-term results. Instead, organizations should focus on quality and customer satisfaction.

12. Remove barriers to pride of workmanship: Employees should be given the resources, tools, and autonomy to take pride in their work and produce high-quality outputs.

13. Institute a vigorous program of education and self-improvement: Continuous learning and self-improvement are essential for staying relevant in a rapidly changing business environment.

14. Put everyone in the company to work to accomplish the transformation: Quality improvement efforts should involve all employees, from top management to frontline workers.

Overall, Deming’s 14 Points provide a framework for organizations to continuously improve their products, services, and processes by focusing on customer satisfaction and a culture of quality. By implementing these principles, organizations can achieve increased customer loyalty, improved efficiency, and long-term success.