1.  The best means of personal protection from radiation for emergency responders is the implementation of three basic principles: time, distance, and shielding. Using the Inverse Square Law of radiation, what Geiger counter reading would you get for a radioactive material when you are four feet from the source (assume an initial reading of 6300 R at a distance of 1 foot from the source)? __________ R. 2. Selenium-75 is used in medicine to assist in diagnosing pancreatic cancer and decays solely by electron capture. The product of its decay is __________. 3,Potassium-42 is a radioisotope that nutritionists use to determine whether the body is effectively using potassium at the cellular level. The half-life of potassium-42 is 12.4 hours. Assuming that a patient’s cells assimilate all the potassium chloride tagged with potassium-42, approximately what percentage of the dose remains in 2.1 days? __________ . 4. What are the products formed when nitroglycerin undergoes hydrolysis? 1) __________ and 2) __________. Purchase the answer to view it

1. The Inverse Square Law of radiation states that the intensity of radiation decreases as the distance from the source increases. In other words, the radiation intensity is inversely proportional to the square of the distance.

To determine the Geiger counter reading at a distance of four feet from the source, we can use the Inverse Square Law formula. Let’s assume that the initial reading at a distance of one foot from the source is 6300 R.

According to the Inverse Square Law, the intensity at a distance of four feet would be calculated as follows:

I2 = I1 * (d1^2 / d2^2)

Where:
I2 is the new intensity at the second distance (four feet)
I1 is the initial intensity at the first distance (one foot)
d1 is the first distance (one foot)
d2 is the second distance (four feet)

Plugging in the given values, we can solve for I2:

I2 = 6300 R * (1^2 / 4^2)
I2 = 6300 R * (1 / 16)
I2 = 6300 R / 16
I2 = 393.75 R

Therefore, the Geiger counter reading for the radioactive material at a distance of four feet from the source would be approximately 393.75 R.

2. Selenium-75 is a radioisotope that is used in medicine for diagnosing pancreatic cancer. It decays solely by electron capture, which is a process where an inner atomic electron is captured by the nucleus. As a result of this decay, the product formed is an element with an atomic number one less than selenium-75.

Since selenium-75 has an atomic number of 34, the product of its decay through electron capture would be an element with an atomic number of 33. This element is known as arsenic (symbol: As).

Therefore, the product of selenium-75 decay by electron capture is arsenic (As).

3. The half-life of a radioactive isotope is the time it takes for half of the radioactive substance to decay. In this case, the half-life of potassium-42 is 12.4 hours.

To determine the percentage of the dose that remains in 2.1 days (50.4 hours), we can use the formula for exponential decay:

Percent remaining = (1/2)^(t / half-life) * 100

Where:
t is the time in hours
half-life is the half-life of the radioisotope

Plugging in the values, we get:

Percent remaining = (1/2)^(50.4 / 12.4) * 100
Percent remaining = 0.0282 * 100
Percent remaining = 2.82%

Therefore, approximately 2.82% of the dose of potassium-42 remains in 2.1 days (50.4 hours).